Clean Code Principles

A collection of principles and patterns for writing clean, readable, and maintainable code.

When to Use This Skill

• Writing new functions or methods
• Refactoring nested or complex code
• Reviewing code for readability
• Discussing code quality improvements

Note: The principles and rules in each document apply to all programming languages. Examples are shown in a specific language for concreteness, but the patterns themselves are language-agnostic.

Important: When refactoring, remove comments that are no longer relevant to the changed code. However, comments that are still valid and provide useful context (e.g., why a decision was made, business rules, workarounds, warnings) must be preserved.

Principles Overview

Core Philosophy

1. Readability First — Code is read far more often than it is written
2. Fail Fast — Handle errors and edge cases early, keep the happy path clear
3. Single Responsibility — Each function/class should do one thing well
4. Minimal Nesting — Flat code is easier to follow than deeply nested code
5. Meaningful Names — Names should reveal intent without needing comments
6. DRY, but not at the cost of clarity — Avoid premature abstraction